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Types and uses of permanent magnets

A permanent magnet is an object made from a material that is magnetized and creates its own persistent magnetic field. An everyday example is a refrigerator magnet used to hold notes on a refrigerator door. Materials that can be magnetized, which are also the ones that are strongly attracted to a magnet, are called ferromagnetic (or ferrimagnetic). These include the elements iron, nickel and cobalt and their alloys, some alloys of rare-earth metals, and some naturally occurring minerals such as lodestone. Although ferromagnetic (and ferrimagnetic) materials are the only ones attracted to a magnet strongly enough to be commonly considered magnetic, all other substances respond weakly to a magnetic field, by one of several other types of magnetism.

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What is a permanent magnet?

A permanent magnet is a magnet that can retain its magnetism for a long time. Such as natural magnet (magnetite) and man-made magnetic steel (iron nickel cobalt magnetic steel) and so on. Permanent magnets are hard magnets, which are not easy to lose or be magnetized. As a magnet and electromagnet materials are mostly soft magnets. The polarity of permanent magnets does not change, while the polarity of soft magnets varies with the polarity of the applied magnetic field.


What are the types of permanent magnet classes?

Ndfeb magnet: 

also known as strong magnet or Magneto, the highest performance permanent magnet in the current commercial market, strong magnetic ability, high mechanical processing, hard texture, high cost performance, so it is widely used. The disadvantage is easy oxidation, corrosion, surface need electroplating processing.


Samarium cobalt magnets: 

There are two types, SmCo5 and Sm2Co17, depending on their composition. High magnetic energy product (14-28MGOE), high coercivity, strong temperature resistance, more suitable for high temperature working environment. The disadvantage is that it is expensive.


Aluminum-nickel-cobalt magnet: 

An alloy composed of aluminum, nickel, cobalt, iron and other trace metal elements. It has strong machinability and the lowest reversible temperature coefficient, and the working temperature can be up to 600 degrees Celsius or more. General application of various instrumentation field more.


Ferrite magnet: 

ceramic process manufacturing, hard texture, strong temperature resistance, cheap, the most widely used. Disadvantages are general magnetic properties, large volume.


What are the uses of permanent magnets?

Permanent magnets are widely used in industrial production and household life. For example, you can find them in televisions, speakers, radios, leather buckle, data wire rings, computer hard drives and mobile phone vibrators. In short, permanent magnets are ubiquitous in people's lives, which is good for our production and life.


Do permanent magnets have a constant magnetic field?

Magnetic fields are generated by moving charges or currents. Permanent magnets generate magnetic fields because of the presence of molecular currents in the permanent magnet, which refers to the circulation current in the whole molecule corresponding to the total magnetic effect on the outside world. If the current is constant and the magnetic field is constant, a constant magnetic field is called a constant or static magnetic field.


What is the formula of magnetic field?

The formula for calculating the magnetic field force of the permanent magnet is F=μ0/[4S(H/δ)^2], where μ0 is the vacuum permeability,H is the magnetodynamic force of the permanent magnet,S is the surface area of the permanent magnet, and δ is the air gap.


How is a permanent magnetic field created?

The MAGNETIC BODY MADE OF SOME ferromagnetic materials, after the external magnetic field magnetization is removed again, STILL can produce stronger constant magnetic field to the outside world, say permanent magnetic field. After removing the external magnetic field, the magnetism of the magnetic body is called permanent magnetism.



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